习题练习

[{"id":667,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"初中","type":"填空题","content":"在一次环保活动中，某学生收集了若干个废旧电池，其中可回收电池比不可回收电池多8个。如果可回收电池的数量是15个，那么不可回收电池有___个。","answer":"7","explanation":"题目中已知可回收电池比不可回收电池多8个，且可回收电池为15个。设不可回收电池的数量为x，根据题意可得方程：15 = x + 8。解这个一元一次方程，两边同时减去8，得到x = 7。因此，不可回收电池有7个。本题考查了一元一次方程的实际应用，属于七年级数学课程中的重点内容。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 22:19:52","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":544,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"某学生在整理班级同学的身高数据时，将数据按从小到大的顺序排列，并制作了频数分布表。他发现身高在150cm到160cm之间的学生人数占总人数的40%，而身高在160cm到170cm之间的学生人数比前者多10人。如果全班共有50名学生，那么身高在160cm到170cm之间的学生有多少人？","answer":"C","explanation":"首先，根据题意，全班共有50名学生。身高在150cm到160cm之间的学生占40%，即 50 × 40% = 20人。题目说明身高在160cm到170cm之间的学生比前者多10人，因此该区间人数为 20 + 10 = 30人。故正确答案为C。本题考查数据的收集、整理与描述中的百分比计算和简单推理，符合七年级数学知识点要求。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 19:01:30","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"20人","is_correct":0},{"id":"B","content":"25人","is_correct":0},{"id":"C","content":"30人","is_correct":1},{"id":"D","content":"35人","is_correct":0}]},{"id":652,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"小学","type":"填空题","content":"在一次班级大扫除中，某学生负责统计各小组清理的垃圾袋数量。已知第一组清理了3袋，第二组清理了5袋，第三组清理了x袋，三组共清理了12袋垃圾。根据题意列出的一元一次方程是：3 + 5 + x = ___","answer":"12","explanation":"题目中明确指出三组共清理了12袋垃圾，而第一组清理3袋，第二组清理5袋，第三组清理x袋，因此总数量为3 + 5 + x。根据总数量等于12，可得方程：3 + 5 + x = 12。空白处应填写总数12，这是建立一元一次方程的关键步骤，考查学生将实际问题转化为数学表达式的能力。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 22:11:40","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":756,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"初中","type":"填空题","content":"某学生测量教室中一个长方形黑板的周长为360厘米，已知它的长是宽的2倍，那么这个黑板的宽是___厘米。","answer":"60","explanation":"设黑板的宽为x厘米，则长为2x厘米。根据长方形周长公式：周长 = 2 × (长 + 宽)，代入得：2 × (2x + x) = 360。化简得：2 × 3x = 360，即6x = 360。解得x = 60。因此，黑板的宽是60厘米。本题考查一元一次方程在实际问题中的应用，属于简单难度。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 23:26:55","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":247,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"小学","type":"填空题","content":"某学生计算一个多边形的内角和时，误将其中一个内角重复加了一次，得到的结果是1440度。这个多边形正确的边数是_空白处_。","answer":"9","explanation":"多边形内角和公式为 (n - 2) × 180°，其中 n 为边数。某学生多算了一个内角，得到1440°，说明实际内角和应小于1440°。我们尝试找出满足 (n - 2) × 180 < 1440 的最大整数 n。当 n = 9 时，(9 - 2) × 180 = 7 × 180 = 1260°；当 n = 10 时，(10 - 2) × 180 = 1440°，但这是正确内角和，而题目中是多算了一个角才得到1440°，因此正确内角和应为1260°，对应边数为9。验证：若 n = 9，正确内角和为1260°，多算一个角后变为1440°，则多算的角为1440 - 1260 = 180°，这在多边形中是可能的（如凹多边形），因此合理。故答案为9。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 14:42:27","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":2443,"subject":"数学","grade":"八年级","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"在一次校园绿化项目中，工人师傅需要用钢筋焊接一个等腰三角形的支架。已知该支架的底边长为8米，两腰相等，且其周长不超过26米。为了确保结构稳定，要求支架的高（从顶点到底边的垂直距离）必须大于5米。若设腰长为x米，则x的取值范围是（ ）。","answer":"A","explanation":"本题综合考查等腰三角形性质、勾股定理、不等式组的应用。首先，由题意知底边为8米，腰长为x米，周长为2x + 8 ≤ 26，解得x ≤ 9。其次，作等腰三角形的高，将底边平分，得到两个直角三角形，每个直角三角形的底边为4米，斜边为x，高h满足勾股定理：h = √(x² - 4²) = √(x² - 16)。根据题意h > 5，即√(x² - 16) > 5，两边平方得x² - 16 > 25，即x² > 41，解得x > √41 ≈ 6.4。结合x ≤ 9且x > √41，而√41 > 6，因此x必须大于6（因为x为长度，且需满足严格大于√41），同时不超过9。综上，x的取值范围是6 < x ≤ 9。选项A正确。","solution_steps":"","common_mistakes":"","learning_suggestions":"","difficulty":"中等","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-10 13:31:21","updated_at":"2026-01-10 13:31:21","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"6 < x ≤ 9","is_correct":1},{"id":"B","content":"x > 6","is_correct":0},{"id":"C","content":"5 < x ≤ 9","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"6 ≤ x < 9","is_correct":0}]},{"id":1814,"subject":"数学","grade":"八年级","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"某学生测量了一块直角三角形木板的三边长度，分别为5厘米、12厘米和13厘米。他想知道这块木板是否符合勾股定理。以下说法正确的是：","answer":"A","explanation":"根据勾股定理，在直角三角形中，两条直角边的平方和等于斜边的平方。题目中给出的三边为5、12、13，其中13是最长边，应为斜边。计算得：5² + 12² = 25 + 144 = 169，而13² = 169，两者相等，因此满足勾股定理。选项A正确。选项B混淆了边长和与平方关系；选项C虽然不等式成立，但不是勾股定理的判断依据；选项D计算错误，实际上13² - 12² = 169 - 144 = 25 = 5²，也应成立，但表述为‘不符合’，故错误。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-06 16:19:51","updated_at":"2026-01-06 16:19:51","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"符合，因为5² + 12² = 13²","is_correct":1},{"id":"B","content":"不符合，因为5 + 12 ≠ 13","is_correct":0},{"id":"C","content":"符合，因为5 + 12 > 13","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"不符合，因为13² - 12² ≠ 5²","is_correct":0}]},{"id":1006,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"初中","type":"填空题","content":"某班级组织植树活动，若每名学生种3棵树，则还剩10棵树没人种；若每名学生种4棵树，则最后一名学生只需种2棵树。这个班级共有___名学生。","answer":"12","explanation":"设这个班级共有x名学生。根据题意，树的总数不变。第一种情况：每名学生种3棵，还剩10棵，所以总树数为3x + 10。第二种情况：前(x - 1)名学生每人种4棵，最后一名学生种2棵，总树数为4(x - 1) + 2 = 4x - 4 + 2 = 4x - 2。因为树的数量相同，列方程：3x + 10 = 4x - 2。解这个一元一次方程：移项得10 + 2 = 4x - 3x，即12 = x。所以这个班级共有12名学生。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-30 05:03:53","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":1534,"subject":"数学","grade":"七年级","stage":"初中","type":"解答题","content":"某学校组织七年级学生开展‘城市绿地规划’数学实践活动。活动要求学生在平面直角坐标系中设计一个矩形绿化区域，其四个顶点坐标均为整数，且满足以下条件：\n\n1. 矩形的一组对边平行于x轴，另一组对边平行于y轴；\n2. 矩形的周长为20个单位长度；\n3. 矩形的面积不小于24个单位面积；\n4. 矩形完全位于第一象限，且其左下角顶点位于原点(0, 0)；\n5. 设矩形的右上角顶点坐标为(x, y)，其中x和y均为正整数。\n\n现从所有满足上述条件的矩形中随机选取一个，求该矩形的面积恰好为24的概率。","answer":"解：\n\n由题意，矩形左下角顶点为(0, 0)，右上角顶点为(x, y)，其中x > 0，y > 0，且x、y均为正整数。\n\n因为矩形对边分别平行于坐标轴，所以其长为x，宽为y。\n\n根据条件2：周长为20，\n即：2(x + y) = 20 \n⇒ x + y = 10 \n（方程①）\n\n根据条件3：面积不小于24，\n即：xy ≥ 24 \n（不等式②）\n\n又x、y为正整数，且x + y = 10，我们可以列出所有满足方程①的正整数解：\n\n(x, y) 的可能组合为：\n(1,9), (2,8), (3,7), (4,6), (5,5), (6,4), (7,3), (8,2), (9,1)\n\n计算每种组合的面积xy：\n1×9 = 9 < 24 → 不满足\n2×8 = 16 < 24 → 不满足\n3×7 = 21 < 24 → 不满足\n4×6 = 24 ≥ 24 → 满足\n5×5 = 25 ≥ 24 → 满足\n6×4 = 24 ≥ 24 → 满足\n7×3 = 21 < 24 → 不满足\n8×2 = 16 < 24 → 不满足\n9×1 = 9 < 24 → 不满足\n\n因此，满足所有条件的(x, y)组合有：\n(4,6), (5,5), (6,4)\n共3种。\n\n其中，面积恰好为24的有：(4,6) 和 (6,4)，共2种。\n\n注意：虽然(4,6)和(6,4)表示不同的矩形（长宽不同），但在坐标系中它们是不同的图形，应视为两个不同的矩形。\n\n因此，所求概率为：\n满足条件的矩形总数：3\n面积恰好为24的矩形数：2\n\n概率 = 2 \/ 3\n\n答：该矩形的面积恰好为24的概率是 2\/3。","explanation":"本题综合考查了平面直角坐标系、二元一次方程组、不等式与不等式组以及数据的整理与描述等知识点。解题关键在于：\n\n1. 利用矩形顶点坐标与边长的关系，将几何问题转化为代数问题；\n2. 由周长条件建立方程 x + y = 10；\n3. 由面积条件建立不等式 xy ≥ 24；\n4. 枚举所有满足方程的正整数解，并结合不等式筛选出符合条件的解；\n5. 在满足所有条件的样本空间中，计算目标事件（面积为24）发生的概率。\n\n本题难度较高，体现在需要综合运用多个知识点，并进行分类讨论与逻辑推理。同时，题目情境新颖，避免了传统应用题的套路，强调数学建模与数据分析能力，符合七年级数学课程的综合应用要求。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"困难","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-06 12:17:55","updated_at":"2026-01-06 12:17:55","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":679,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"小学","type":"填空题","content":"在一次班级数学测验成绩统计中，某学生发现自己的成绩比全班的平均分高6分。如果全班共有30人，所有人的成绩总和为2400分，那么这名学生的成绩是____分。","answer":"86","explanation":"首先根据全班30人、总分2400分，可以求出全班平均分为：2400 ÷ 30 = 80（分）。题目说明该学生的成绩比平均分高6分，因此他的成绩为：80 + 6 = 86（分）。本题考查了数据的收集、整理与描述中的平均数计算，并结合有理数的加减运算，难度为简单，符合七年级数学课程要求。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 22:28:41","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]}]