习题练习

[{"id":621,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"在一次校园环保活动中，某班级收集了可回收垃圾的重量记录如下：纸类占总重量的40%，塑料类比纸类少10千克，金属类是塑料类的一半，其余为玻璃类，重6千克。若设总重量为x千克，则根据题意列出的正确方程是","answer":"A","explanation":"根据题意，纸类占总重量的40%，即0.4x千克；塑料类比纸类少10千克，即(0.4x - 10)千克；金属类是塑料类的一半，即0.5 × (0.4x - 10)千克；玻璃类已知为6千克。四类垃圾重量之和应等于总重量x千克，因此方程为：0.4x + (0.4x - 10) + 0.5(0.4x - 10) + 6 = x。选项A正确表达了这一关系。其他选项中，B错误地将塑料类表示为比纸类多10千克，C将金属类误写为塑料类的2倍，D对塑料类的表达方式错误，不符合题意。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 21:47:52","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"0.4x + (0.4x - 10) + 0.5(0.4x - 10) + 6 = x","is_correct":1},{"id":"B","content":"0.4x + (0.4x + 10) + 0.5(0.4x + 10) + 6 = x","is_correct":0},{"id":"C","content":"0.4x + (0.4x - 10) + 2(0.4x - 10) + 6 = x","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"0.4x + (x - 0.4x - 10) + 0.5(x - 0.4x - 10) + 6 = x","is_correct":0}]},{"id":1817,"subject":"数学","grade":"八年级","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"某学生在研究一次函数图像时，发现函数 y = 2x - 4 的图像与 x 轴和 y 轴分别交于点 A 和点 B。若以原点 O 为顶点，△OAB 为直角三角形，则该三角形的面积为多少？","answer":"A","explanation":"首先求一次函数 y = 2x - 4 与坐标轴的交点。令 y = 0，得 0 = 2x - 4，解得 x = 2，所以点 A 为 (2, 0)。令 x = 0，得 y = -4，所以点 B 为 (0, -4)。原点 O 为 (0, 0)。△OAB 是以 OA 和 OB 为直角边的直角三角形，其中 OA = 2（x 轴上的长度），OB = 4（y 轴上的长度，取绝对值）。直角三角形面积公式为 (1\/2) × 底 × 高，因此面积为 (1\/2) × 2 × 4 = 4。故正确答案为 A。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-06 16:20:47","updated_at":"2026-01-06 16:20:47","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"4","is_correct":1},{"id":"B","content":"6","is_correct":0},{"id":"C","content":"8","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"10","is_correct":0}]},{"id":839,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"初中","type":"填空题","content":"某学生在整理班级同学的身高数据时，将数据分为5组，每组组距为5厘米。已知最矮的一组下限是150厘米，那么最高的一组的上限是___厘米。","answer":"175","explanation":"题目中说明数据分为5组，每组组距为5厘米，最矮一组的下限是150厘米。因此，各组的范围依次为：第1组150-155，第2组155-160，第3组160-165，第4组165-170，第5组170-175。最高一组的上限即为最后一组的上界，也就是175厘米。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-30 00:54:20","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":446,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"某学生在整理班级同学的课外阅读时间时，收集了10名同学每天阅读的分钟数：25，30，35，30，40，35，30，45，35，30。如果将这些数据按从小到大的顺序排列，那么位于中间两个数的平均数是多少？","answer":"B","explanation":"首先将数据从小到大排序：25，30，30，30，30，35，35，35，40，45。共有10个数据（偶数个），因此中位数是中间两个数的平均数，即第5个和第6个数的平均值。第5个数是30，第6个数是35，所以中位数为 (30 + 35) ÷ 2 = 65 ÷ 2 = 32.5。本题考查数据的整理与描述中的中位数概念，属于简单难度，符合七年级数学课程标准要求。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 17:44:01","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"30","is_correct":0},{"id":"B","content":"32.5","is_correct":1},{"id":"C","content":"35","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"37.5","is_correct":0}]},{"id":2018,"subject":"数学","grade":"八年级","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"在一次校园绿化项目中，工人在一块矩形空地的四周铺设了宽度相同的步行道。已知原空地的长为 8 米，宽为 6 米，铺设步行道后整个区域（包括步行道）的面积为 120 平方米。若设步行道的宽度为 x 米，则可列方程为：","answer":"B","explanation":"步行道围绕矩形空地四周铺设，宽度为 x 米，因此整个区域的长和宽都要在原来的基础上各增加 2x 米（左右各 x 米，上下各 x 米）。原空地长 8 米，宽 6 米，所以铺设后整个区域的长为 (8 + 2x) 米，宽为 (6 + 2x) 米。根据题意，整个区域的面积为 120 平方米，因此可列方程为：(8 + 2x)(6 + 2x) = 120。选项 B 正确。","solution_steps":"","common_mistakes":"","learning_suggestions":"","difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-09 10:31:20","updated_at":"2026-01-09 10:31:20","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"(8 + x)(6 + x) = 120","is_correct":0},{"id":"B","content":"(8 + 2x)(6 + 2x) = 120","is_correct":1},{"id":"C","content":"8x + 6x = 120","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"(8 - 2x)(6 - 2x) = 120","is_correct":0}]},{"id":625,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"某班级组织了一次环保知识竞赛，共收集了50名学生的成绩（单位：分），成绩分布如下表所示：\n\n| 分数段 | 人数 |\n|--------|------|\n| 60～70 | 8 |\n| 70～80 | 12 |\n| 80～90 | 18 |\n| 90～100| 12 |\n\n根据以上数据，该班级竞赛成绩的中位数所在的分数段是（ ）。","answer":"C","explanation":"本题考查数据的收集、整理与描述中的中位数概念。总人数为50人，中位数是第25和第26个数据的平均值。按分数从低到高累计人数：60～70分有8人，累计8人；70～80分有12人，累计20人；80～90分有18人，累计38人。第25和第26个数据均落在80～90分区间内，因此中位数所在分数段为80～90。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 21:52:02","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"60～70","is_correct":0},{"id":"B","content":"70～80","is_correct":0},{"id":"C","content":"80～90","is_correct":1},{"id":"D","content":"90～100","is_correct":0}]},{"id":2473,"subject":"数学","grade":"八年级","stage":"初中","type":"解答题","content":"在一次数学实践活动中，某学生测量了一个等腰三角形纸片ABC的底边BC长度为8 cm，并沿底边BC的垂直平分线折叠纸片，使顶点A落在底边上的点D处，形成折痕EF，其中E、F分别在AB、AC上。已知折叠后点A与点D重合，且AD = 3√3 cm。若△AEF与△DEF关于折痕EF成轴对称，且四边形BDCF为平行四边形，求原等腰三角形ABC的面积。","answer":"待完善","explanation":"解析待完善","solution_steps":"待完善","common_mistakes":"","learning_suggestions":"","difficulty":"中等","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-10 14:47:07","updated_at":"2026-01-10 14:47:07","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":401,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"某班级组织了一次环保活动，收集可回收物品。第一周收集了15千克废纸，第二周比第一周多收集了x千克，第三周收集的是前两周总和的一半。已知三周共收集了45千克废纸，求x的值。","answer":"B","explanation":"设第二周收集的废纸为(15 + x)千克，第三周收集的是前两周总和的一半，即(15 + 15 + x) ÷ 2 = (30 + x) ÷ 2 千克。三周总收集量为45千克，因此可列方程：15 + (15 + x) + (30 + x) ÷ 2 = 45。化简方程：30 + x + (30 + x) ÷ 2 = 45。两边同乘以2消去分母：2(30 + x) + (30 + x) = 90，即60 + 2x + 30 + x = 90，合并同类项得90 + 3x = 90，解得3x = 0，x = 10。因此，x的值为10，正确答案是B。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 17:16:35","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"5","is_correct":0},{"id":"B","content":"10","is_correct":1},{"id":"C","content":"15","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"20","is_correct":0}]},{"id":137,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"初中","type":"解答题","content":"某商店购进一批文具，每支笔的进价是2元，售价是3元。如果商店卖出120支笔，那么一共盈利多少元？","answer":"120元","explanation":"本题考查有理数运算在实际问题中的应用，属于初一数学中‘有理数的加减乘除’与‘简单方程思想’的基础应用。题目通过生活情境引入盈利计算，要求学生理解‘盈利 = 售价 - 进价’这一基本数量关系，并能进行简单的乘法运算。题目难度为简单，符合初一学生刚接触有理数运算和实际问题建模的认知水平。","solution_steps":"Array","common_mistakes":"","learning_suggestions":"","difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-24 09:40:59","updated_at":"2025-12-24 09:40:59","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":2550,"subject":"数学","grade":"九年级","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"某学生设计了一个圆形花坛，其中心为点O，半径为6米。他计划在花坛边缘等距种植8株花卉，并将这些点依次标记为P₁, P₂, …, P₈。若连接P₁P₃和P₂P₄，两条线段相交于点Q，则△OP₁Q的面积最接近下列哪个值？（参考数据：sin45°≈0.707，cos45°≈0.707）","answer":"A","explanation":"本题考查圆的性质、旋转对称性及锐角三角函数的应用。由于8个点等距分布在圆周上，相邻两点所对的圆心角为360°÷8=45°。因此，∠P₁OP₂=45°，∠P₁OP₃=90°。连接P₁P₃和P₂P₄，这两条弦分别对应90°和90°的圆心角（因为P₂到P₄跨越两个45°），且它们关于直线y=x对称（若以O为原点建立坐标系）。它们的交点Q位于第一象限角平分线上。考虑△OP₁Q，其中OP₁=6米，∠P₁OQ=22.5°（因为Q是两弦交点，由对称性可知∠P₁OQ为∠P₁OP₂的一半）。但更简便的方法是利用向量或坐标法：设O为原点，P₁坐标为(6,0)，则P₂为(6cos45°, 6sin45°)≈(4.242, 4.242)，P₃为(0,6)，P₄为(-4.242, 4.242)。求直线P₁P₃（从(6,0)到(0,6)，方程x+y=6）与P₂P₄（从(4.242,4.242)到(-4.242,4.242)，即y=4.242）的交点Q：代入得x=6−4.242≈1.758，故Q≈(1.758, 4.242)。在△OP₁Q中，可用向量叉积公式求面积：S=½|OP₁×OQ|=½|6×4.242 − 0×1.758|≈½×25.452≈12.726，最接近12.7。因此选A。","solution_steps":"","common_mistakes":"","learning_suggestions":"","difficulty":"中等","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-10 17:04:24","updated_at":"2026-01-10 17:04:24","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"12.7平方米","is_correct":1},{"id":"B","content":"15.3平方米","is_correct":0},{"id":"C","content":"18.0平方米","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"21.2平方米","is_correct":0}]}]