[{"id":642,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"小学","type":"填空题","content":"在一次校园植物观察活动中，某学生记录了5种植物的高度（单位：厘米），分别为12、15、18、15、20。这组数据的中位数是____。","answer":"15","explanation":"首先将这组数据按从小到大的顺序排列：12、15、15、18、20。由于数据个数为5（奇数个），中位数就是位于中间位置的数，即第3个数。第3个数是15，因此这组数据的中位数是15。本题考查的是数据的收集、整理与描述中的中位数概念，属于七年级数学课程内容。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 22:08:56","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":2288,"subject":"数学","grade":"七年级","stage":"初中","type":"填空题","content":"在数轴上，点A表示的数是-5，点B表示的数是7。某学生从点A出发，先向右移动a个单位长度到达点C，再从点C向左移动b个单位长度到达点D，此时点D恰好是点A和点B的中点。若a与b满足关系式 a = 2b + 3，则b的值为____。","answer":"3","explanation":"首先，点A为-5，点B为7，它们的中点坐标为 (-5 + 7) ÷ 2 = 1，所以点D表示的数是1。点A为-5，向右移动a个单位到达点C，则点C表示的数为 -5 + a。再从点C向左移动b个单位到达点D，则点D表示的数为 -5 + a - b。根据题意，-5 + a - b = 1。又已知 a = 2b + 3，代入得：-5 + (2b + 3) - b = 1，化简得：-5 + 2b + 3 - b = 1 → b - 2 = 1 → b = 3。因此，b的值为3。","solution_steps":"","common_mistakes":"","learning_suggestions":"","difficulty":"困难","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-09 16:44:29","updated_at":"2026-01-09 16:44:29","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":125,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"小明在计算一个代数式时，将表达式 3x + 2 中的 x 错看成了它的相反数，结果得到的值比正确答案少了 10。那么 x 的值是多少？","answer":"5\/3","explanation":"本题考查初一学生对代数式、相反数以及一元一次方程的理解与应用。题目通过‘看错相反数’这一情境，引导学生建立等量关系，列出方程求解。虽然情境略有变化，但核心仍是利用代数思想解决问题，符合初一学生的认知水平。解题关键在于理解‘错看成相反数’意味着代入的是 -x，而正确代入的是 x，两者结果相差 10，由此可列方程求解。","solution_steps":"设正确的代数式值为：3x + 2。\n小明错看成相反数，即代入 -x，得到错误值为：3(-x) + 2 = -3x + 2。\n根据题意，错误值比正确值少 10，因此有：\n(3x + 2) - (-3x + 2) = 10\n化简左边：3x + 2 + 3x - 2 = 6x\n所以：6x = 10\n解得：x = 10 ÷ 6 = 5\/3\n因此，x 的值是 5\/3。","common_mistakes":"","learning_suggestions":"","difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-24 08:54:36","updated_at":"2025-12-24 08:54:36","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"5\/3","is_correct":1},{"id":"B","content":"6","is_correct":0},{"id":"C","content":"4","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"2.5","is_correct":0}]},{"id":920,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"初中","type":"填空题","content":"在一次环保知识竞赛中，某班级共收集到有效问卷120份，其中男生填写的问卷数量是女生的2倍。设女生填写的问卷数量为x份，则可列出一元一次方程：_ = 120，解得x = _。","answer":"x + 2x；40","explanation":"根据题意，女生填写的问卷数量为x份，男生填写的是女生的2倍，即为2x份。总问卷数为120份，因此可列出方程：x + 2x = 120，合并同类项得3x = 120，解得x = 40。所以女生填写了40份问卷。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-30 02:42:11","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":310,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"小学","type":"选择题","content":"某学生记录了连续5天的气温变化情况，每天的气温分别为-2℃、0℃、3℃、-1℃、4℃。这5天气温的平均值是多少？","answer":"A","explanation":"要计算这5天气温的平均值，首先将所有气温相加：(-2) + 0 + 3 + (-1) + 4 = 4。然后将总和除以天数5，得到平均值：4 ÷ 5 = 0.8。因此，这5天气温的平均值是0.8℃。本题考查有理数的加减运算以及数据的整理与描述中的平均数计算，属于简单难度。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 15:35:35","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"0.8℃","is_correct":1},{"id":"B","content":"1.0℃","is_correct":0},{"id":"C","content":"1.2℃","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"1.4℃","is_correct":0}]},{"id":695,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"小学","type":"填空题","content":"某班级组织了一次环保知识竞赛，参赛学生需要统计一周内班级回收的废纸重量（单位：千克）。已知周一到周五每天的回收量分别为 2.5、3、2.8、3.2 和 2.7，周六和周日没有回收。若该班级计划将这一周平均每天的回收量作为下周目标，则下周每天的目标回收量是___千克。","answer":"2.84","explanation":"首先计算一周内总回收量：2.5 + 3 + 2.8 + 3.2 + 2.7 = 14.2 千克。虽然周六和周日没有回收，但‘平均每天’是指一周7天，因此用总回收量除以7天：14.2 ÷ 7 = 2.84 千克。此题考查数据的收集与整理中的平均数计算，属于简单难度，符合七年级‘数据的收集、整理与描述’知识点。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 22:38:42","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":1329,"subject":"数学","grade":"七年级","stage":"初中","type":"解答题","content":"某学生在研究城市公交线路优化问题时，收集了A、B两条公交线路在一天中不同时段的乘客数量数据，并绘制成如下表格。已知A线路每辆公交车最多可载客40人，B线路每辆最多可载客35人。若要求每条线路在每个时段运行的公交车数量必须为整数，且总运行车辆数最少，同时确保所有乘客都能被运送（不允许超载），请根据以下数据建立数学模型并求解：\n\n| 时段 | A线路乘客数 | B线路乘客数 |\n|------|---------------|---------------|\n| 早高峰（7:00-9:00） | 320 | 280 |\n| 平峰（9:00-17:00） | 160 | 140 |\n| 晚高峰（17:00-19:00） | 360 | 315 |\n\n假设每条线路在每个时段独立安排车辆，不考虑车辆跨时段调度。请分别求出A、B两条线路在三个时段各自所需的最少公交车数量，并计算全天两条线路总共需要的最少公交车班次（即各时段车辆数之和）。","answer":"解：\n\n我们分别计算每条线路在每个时段所需的最少公交车数量。由于每辆车有最大载客限制，且车辆数必须为整数，因此需要使用“向上取整”的方法。\n\n**第一步：计算A线路各时段所需车辆数**\n\n- 早高峰：320 ÷ 40 = 8（恰好整除），需8辆车\n- 平峰：160 ÷ 40 = 4（恰好整除），需4辆车\n- 晚高峰：360 ÷ 40 = 9（恰好整除），需9辆车\n\n**第二步：计算B线路各时段所需车辆数**\n\n- 早高峰：280 ÷ 35 = 8（恰好整除），需8辆车\n- 平峰：140 ÷ 35 = 4（恰好整除），需4辆车\n- 晚高峰：315 ÷ 35 = 9（恰好整除），需9辆车\n\n**第三步：计算全天总班次**\n\nA线路总班次：8 + 4 + 9 = 21（班次）\nB线路总班次：8 + 4 + 9 = 21（班次）\n\n全天两条线路总共需要的最少公交车班次为：21 + 21 = 42（班次）\n\n答：A线路在早高峰、平峰、晚高峰分别需要8、4、9辆车；B线路分别需要8、4、9辆车；全天总共需要最少42个公交车班次。","explanation":"本题综合考查了有理数的除法运算、实际问题中的整数解处理（向上取整思想）、数据的收集与整理，以及优化思想（最小化资源使用）。虽然计算本身不复杂，但难点在于理解‘不允许超载’意味着必须向上取整，即使除法结果接近整数也不能向下舍入。同时，题目设置了真实情境——城市公交调度，要求学生从数据中提取信息，建立数学模型（即每个时段的车辆数 = 乘客数 ÷ 每车载客量，结果向上取整），并进行多步推理与汇总。尽管所有除法结果恰好为整数，避免了余数处理，但情境复杂、信息量大，且要求系统性分析，符合‘困难’难度标准。此外，题目未使用常见人名，情境新颖，考查角度独特，避免了传统应用题的重复模式。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"困难","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-06 10:56:38","updated_at":"2026-01-06 10:56:38","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":1957,"subject":"数学","grade":"七年级","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"某学生参加学校组织的‘健康生活’主题调查，记录了连续7天每天步行的步数（单位：千步），数据如下：6.2, 5.8, 7.1, 6.5, 6.9, 5.5, 7.3。若该学生希望估算自己一个月（按30天计算）的总步行步数，并假设每日步数服从这组数据的平均水平，则估算结果最接近以下哪个数值？","answer":"B","explanation":"本题考查数据的收集、整理与描述中利用样本平均数估计总体的应用。首先计算7天步行步数的平均数：(6.2 + 5.8 + 7.1 + 6.5 + 6.9 + 5.5 + 7.3) ÷ 7 = 45.3 ÷ 7 ≈ 6.471（千步\/天）。然后估算30天的总步数：6.471 × 30 ≈ 194.13（千步），最接近195千步。因此选项B正确。","solution_steps":"","common_mistakes":"","learning_suggestions":"","difficulty":"中等","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-07 14:47:02","updated_at":"2026-01-07 14:47:02","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"180千步","is_correct":0},{"id":"B","content":"195千步","is_correct":1},{"id":"C","content":"200千步","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"210千步","is_correct":0}]},{"id":510,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"某学生在整理班级同学最喜欢的课外活动调查数据时，将结果绘制成扇形统计图。已知喜欢阅读的同学所占圆心角为72度，喜欢运动的同学所占圆心角为108度，喜欢绘画的同学所占圆心角为60度，其余同学喜欢音乐。如果全班共有60人，那么喜欢音乐的同学有多少人？","answer":"B","explanation":"扇形统计图中，整个圆代表全班人数，圆心角总和为360度。已知阅读、运动、绘画对应的圆心角分别为72度、108度、60度，三者之和为72 + 108 + 60 = 240度。因此，喜欢音乐的同学所占圆心角为360 - 240 = 120度。由于圆心角与人数成正比，可列比例计算：120 ÷ 360 = 1\/3，所以喜欢音乐的人数为60 × (1\/3) = 20人。故正确答案为B。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 18:15:29","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"18人","is_correct":0},{"id":"B","content":"20人","is_correct":1},{"id":"C","content":"22人","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"24人","is_correct":0}]},{"id":1519,"subject":"数学","grade":"七年级","stage":"初中","type":"解答题","content":"某校七年级开展‘校园绿化优化’项目，计划在教学楼前的一块矩形空地上铺设草坪并修建步道。已知该矩形空地的长为 (3a + 2b) 米，宽为 (2a - b) 米。现计划在空地中央保留一个长为 (a + b) 米、宽为 (a - b) 米的矩形区域种植花卉，其余部分铺设草坪。步道将沿着草坪的外边缘修建，宽度为 1 米，且步道完全包围草坪区域（即步道在草坪外侧一圈）。若 a = 5，b = 2，求：(1) 铺设草坪的实际面积（不含步道）；(2) 修建步道所需的总面积；(3) 若每平方米草坪成本为 15 元，每平方米步道铺设成本为 25 元，求总预算（结果保留整数）。","answer":"(1) 先计算整个矩形空地面积：长 = 3a + 2b = 3×5 + 2×2 = 15 + 4 = 19 米，宽 = 2a - b = 2×5 - 2 = 10 - 2 = 8 米，总面积 = 19 × 8 = 152 平方米。\n\n中央花卉区域面积：长 = a + b = 5 + 2 = 7 米，宽 = a - b = 5 - 2 = 3 米，面积 = 7 × 3 = 21 平方米。\n\n因此，草坪区域（不含步道）面积 = 整个空地面积 - 花卉区域面积 = 152 - 21 = 131 平方米。\n\n(2) 步道是围绕草坪外边缘修建，宽度为 1 米，因此包含步道的整个外轮廓是一个更大的矩形。由于步道在草坪外侧一圈，所以外轮廓的长 = 草坪区长 + 2×1 = 19 + 2 = 21 米？不对，注意：草坪区就是整个空地去掉中央花坛后的区域，但步道是建在草坪的外边缘，即整个空地的外边缘再向外扩展 1 米？不，题意是：步道沿着草坪的外边缘修建，且完全包围草坪区域。而草坪区域本身就是整个空地除去中央花坛的部分，所以‘草坪的外边缘’就是整个矩形空地的边界。因此，步道是在整个矩形空地的外侧再向外扩展 1 米修建一圈。\n\n所以，包含步道的总区域是一个更大的矩形：长 = 原长 + 2×1 = 19 + 2 = 21 米，宽 = 原宽 + 2×1 = 8 + 2 = 10 米，总面积 = 21 × 10 = 210 平方米。\n\n因此，步道面积 = 包含步道的总面积 - 原空地面积 = 210 - 152 = 58 平方米。\n\n(3) 草坪成本：131 × 15 = 1965 元；步道成本：58 × 25 = 1450 元；总预算 = 1965 + 1450 = 3415 元。","explanation":"本题综合考查整式的加减（用于表达矩形长宽）、实数运算（代入求值）、几何图形初步（矩形面积计算）、以及实际应用中的面积分割与成本计算。难点在于理解‘步道沿着草坪外边缘修建’的含义——草坪区域是空地去掉中央花坛后的部分，其外边缘即为整个空地的边界，因此步道是在整个空地外围再向外扩展1米形成一圈。解题关键在于正确识别各区域之间的包含关系，避免将步道误认为建在花坛周围。通过分步计算总面积、花坛面积、草坪面积和步道包围后的总面积，最终得出精确结果。本题融合了代数运算与几何直观，要求学生具备较强的空间想象力和逻辑推理能力。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"困难","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-06 12:11:31","updated_at":"2026-01-06 12:11:31","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]}]